Table 1 Clinical features of all reported cases of levamisole-induced cutaneous vasculitis in patients with cocaine use

Gross RL et al.[3]

Retiform pupuric plaques with ulceration on earlobes/helix and lower extremities

Reticulate pink/purple erythematous eruptions on legs, chest, arms, and back

Violaceous papules, reticular-purpuric plaques on arms, breasts, legs, and ears

Purpuric, necrotic plaques and bullae on face, ears, arms, right cheek, chest, and axilla

Ullrich K et al.[4]

Painful necrotic purpura and skin nodules on extremities and ears

Painful purpura on extremities, trunk, and earlobes

Painful purpura on lower extremities, arthralgia

Purpuric lesion with central necrosis on left foot, purpuric lesions on both ears

Episodic rash on face, trunk, and extremities

Bradford M et al.[7]

Purpuric plaques with central necrosis on cheeks and earlobes

Erythematous plaques with central necrosis on face, ears, legs, thighs, and buttocks

Buchanan JA et al.[8]

Purple discoloration on left upper arm and right second toe, bilateral necrosis of ears

Walsh NMG et al.[9]

Retiform purpura, hemorrhagic bullae on legs, trunks, and buttocks

Retiform purpura on chest, limbs, bilateral nasal mucosal ulcers

Waller JM et al.[10]

Retiform purpura with central necrosis on earlobes, cheeks, breast, extremities

Retiform purpura with central necrosis on legs, arms, and pinna; livedo racemosa, splinter hemorrhages

Farhat EK et al.[11]

Retiform purpura with central necrosis on bilateral lower extremities

Painful retiform purpuric patches on thighs, buttocks, trunk, upper extremities, and nasal tip

Click J[12]

Calf ulcerations, retiform purpura

Geller L et al.[13]

Stellate purpura with central necrosis on upper extremities, ears, back, and breasts

Han C et al.[14]

Painful retiform purpura with ulceration on arms, legs, nasal tip, cheeks, ears

Ching J et al.[15]/

Mouzakis J et al.[16]

Purpuric patches and plaques on legs, upper extremities, perinasal area, anterior trunk, face, and ears

Jacob RS et al.[17]

Tender purpuric patches and plaques on ears, legs, upper extremities, back, toes, and soles

Tender purpuric patches and plaques on ears and left cheek

Lung D et al.[18]

Stellate, purpuric macules and plaques with central necrosis on legs, abdomen, and face

Zwang NA et al.[19]

Violaceous retiform papules/plaques on arms, legs, back, trunk, scalp, buttocks, fingers, foot, and ear

Chung C et al.[20]

Purpura and necrosis on bilateral ears, cheeks, and upper and lower extremities

Bilateral ear necrosis, diffuse retiform purpura with necrosis on neck, trunk, and extremities

Tender bilateral ear purpura and necrosis, diffuse retiform purpura on trunk and extremities

Tender purpura and necrosis on both ears, purpura and bullae on trunk and extremities

Jenkins J et al.[21]

Painful retiform purpura with necrotic center on legs, ears, cheek, tongue, trunk, and genitalia

John S et al.[22]

Painful violaceous plaques and flaccid bullae on right ankle, legs, left arm, and left breast

Arora et al. [current report]

Erythematous purpuric lesions with central necrosis on nose, cheeks, earlobes, and extremities