Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics of 751 participants who received medical care following release from prison
Demographic characteristic | Reported any substance use since release (%) (n = 134) | Did not report any substance use since release (%) (n = 617) | Total n (%) (n = 751) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median (IQ range) | 45 (35–51) | 48 (39–54) | 47 (38–53) | < 0.01 |
Male | 123 (92) | 517 (84) | 640 (85) | 0.02 |
Race/ethnicity | ||||
Hispanic | 36 (27) | 191 (31) | 227 (30) | NS |
Non-Hispanic black | 72 (54) | 280 (45) | 352 (47) | 0.08 |
Non-Hispanic white | 19 (14) | 115 (19) | 134 (18) | NS |
Other | 7 (5) | 31 (5) | 38 (5) | NS |
Graduated high school | 50 (38) | 255 (42) | 305 (41) | NS |
Receive employment earnings | 7 (5) | 54 (9) | 61 (8) | NS |
Receive any income | 61 (46) | 316 (51) | 377 (50) | NS |
Housing | ||||
Unstable | 44 (33) | 148 (24) | 192 (26) | 0.04 |
Institutional | 25 (19) | 266 (42) | 291 (39) | < 0.01 |
“Doubling up” | 58 (43) | 152 (25) | 210 (28) | < 0.01 |
Rent/own | 7 (5) | 50 (8) | 57 (7) | NS |
Years incarcerated during latest prison term, median (IQ) | 2 (1–4) | 4 (2–9) | 4 (2–8) | < 0.01 |
Weeks to TCN engagement, median (IQ) | 7 (3–14) | 4 (2–9) | 5 (2–9) | < 0.01 |
Current parole | 95 (72) | 501 (82) | 596 (80) | < 0.01 |
Reported diagnoses | ||||
Depression (N = 683) | 71 (59) | 240 (43) | 311 (46) | < 0.01 |
Bipolar (N = 677) | 42 (36) | 141 (25) | 183 (27) | 0.02 |
PTSD (N = 680) | 23 (19) | 100 (18) | 123 (18) | NS |
Schizophrenia (N = 684) | 25 (20) | 84 (15) | 109 (16) | NS |
Drug use disorder (N = 689) | 74 (60) | 236 (42) | 310 (45) | < 0.01 |
Alcohol use disorder (N = 695) | 34 (27) | 171 (30) | 205 (30) | NS |
Received SUD treatment in prison (N = 362) | 53 (65) | 201 (72) | 254 (70) | NS |