Table 1 Post-release opioid-related overdose mortality: areas of further research
From: A conceptual model for understanding post-release opioid-related overdose risk
Topic | Area of inquiry |
|---|---|
Investigation of mechanisms | |
Chronic pain | Prevalence and self-medication hypothesis |
HIV | Rate of post-release opioid-related overdose and living with HIV |
Trauma | Rate of post-release opioid-related overdose and trauma exposure |
Race | Race and opioid use disorder treatment and OAT access |
Suicidality | Rate of post-release opioid-related overdose and suicidality |
Mental health (depression, anxiety, and PTSDb) | Prevalence pre and post-release |
Non-opioid substance use | Prevalence pre and post-release |
| Â | Intermediate determinants associated with substance use disorders |
Disrupted social networks | Interventions to assist re-integration during the post release period |
Poverty | Post-release poverty and mental health and substance use |
Polydrug use | Prevalence and independent effect of CJa exposure on the risk of polysubstance use |
Polypharmacy | Relationship between pre and post-release prescribing of sedating medications |
Effect of probation or parole | Independent effect of probation and parole on post-release opioid related overdose mortality |
Type of criminal charge or conviction | Relation to stigma and post-release opioid-related overdose risk |
Relationships between risk factors | Investigation of the mediating or moderating relationships between risk factors |
Investigation of novel interventions | |
Chronic pain | Non-opioid pain management within jail or prison |
Race | Reduction of criminal justice exposure among blacks |
Interruptions in care | Improve engagement with healthcare services post-release |
Solitary use | Safe inject sites to reduces rates of solitary use post-release |
Care coordination | Integrate CJ, healthcare, and community organizations |
Naltrexone | Effectiveness of reducing opioid-related overdose mortality |
New formulations of medications | Efficacy and effectiveness of extended release buprenorphine |
Police diversion programs and drug courts | Process evaluation and effectiveness at reducing criminal justice exposure and opioid-related overdose |
Implementation and dissemination | |
Interrupted opioid use disorder treatment and OATc access | OAT programs pre and post-release |
Interrupted naloxone access | Naloxone program pre and post-release |