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Table 1 Demographic, clinical, and health care utilization characteristics of patients with alcohol use disorder in a large urban academic medical center (n = 21,159)

From: Primary care engagement is associated with increased pharmacotherapy prescribing for alcohol use disorder (AUD)

Characteristic

All patients (n = 21,159)

No primary carec (n = 12,086;57.1%)

Limited primary cared (n = 3583; 16.9%)

Engaged with primary caree (n = 5490; 26.0%)

p value

Age, n (%)

    

< 0.001

 18–29

3242 (15.3)

2203 (18.2)

540 (15.1)

499 (9.1)

 

 30–44

4962 (23.5)

3179 (26.3)

825 (23.0)

958 (17.5)

 

 45–64

9614 (45.4)

5063 (41.9)

1661 (46.4)

2890 (52.6)

 

 65 +

3341 (15.8)

1641 (13.6)

557 (15.6)

1143 (20.8)

 

Female sex, n (%)

6104 (28.9)

3027 (25.1)

1083 (30.2)

1994 (36.3)

< 0.001

Race/ethnicity, n (%)

    

< 0.001

 Hispanic

2028 (9.6)

647 (5.4)

444 (12.4)

937 (17.1)

 

 Non-hispanic white

3402 (16.1)

2235 (18.5)

504 (14.1)

663 (12.1)

 

 Non-hispanic black

7554 (35.7)

4060 (33.6)

1329 (37.1)

2165 (39.4)

 

 Any othera or undetermined

8175 (38.6)

5144 (42.6)

1306 (36.5)

1725 (31.4)

 

Insurance status

    

< 0.001

 Public

13,130 (62.1)

7598 (62.9)

2293 (64.0)

3239 (59.0)

 

 Private

7452 (35.2)

4017 (33.2)

1248 (34.8)

2187 (39.8)

 

 Self-pay or undetermined

577 (2.7)

471 (3.9)

42 (1.2)

64 (1.2)

 

Charlson score, n (%)

    

< 0.001

 0

11,353 (53.7)

7340 (60.7)

1837 (51.3)

2176 (39.6)

 

 1–2

5800 (27.4)

2976 (24.6)

960 (26.8)

1864 (34.0)

 

 3+

4006 (18.9)

1770 (14.7)

786 (21.9)

1450 (26.4)

 

Year of cohort entry, n (%)

    

< 0.001

 2010

5148 (24.3)

2898 (24.0)

832 (23.2)

1418 (25.8)

 

 2011

3942 (18.6)

2379 (19.7)

632 (17.6)

931 (17.0)

 

 2012

3821 (18.1)

2183 (18.1)

636 (17.8)

1002 (18.3)

 

 2013

4106 (19.4)

2297 (19.0)

684 (19.1)

1125 (20.5)

 

 2014

4142 (19.6)

2329 (19.3)

799 (22.3)

1014 (18.5)

 

Psychiatric comorbidityb, n (%)

5860 (27.7)

3209 (26.6)

987 (27.6)

1664 (30.3)

< 0.001

Emergency visits, median (IQR)

1 (1, 3)

1 (1, 3)

2 (1, 4)

1 (0, 4)

< 0.001

Inpatient admissions, median (IQR)

1 (0, 2)

1 (0, 1)

1 (0, 2)

1 (0, 2)

< 0.001

Outpatient psychiatry visits, median (IQR)

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

< 0.001

Outpatient substance use treatment visits, median (IQR)

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

0 (0, 0)

< 0.713

  1. aIncludes Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American/Alaskan Native, and more than one race or missing race
  2. bIncludes depression, anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia within 1 year prior to cohort entry
  3. cNo primary care visits within 2 years of cohort entry
  4. dAny number of primary care visits within 2 years of cohort entry that did not meet criteria for engaged with primary care
  5. eAt least two primary care facility visits, the first within 1 year of cohort entry and the second between 90 and 365 days after
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Addiction Science & Clinical Practice

ISSN: 1940-0640