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Table 2 Example of the structural analysis from meaning units to themes

From: Staff experiences of encountering and treating outpatients with substance use disorder in the psychiatric context: a qualitative study

Meaning unit

Condensation

Abstraction

Sub-theme

Theme

“And what we also tried to have as a routine is to always have contact with addiction care”

We have tried to have as a routine always to have contact with addiction care

Tried to have a routine always to have contact with addiction care

Having an established collaboration

Bridging the organizational gap

“The process of getting people to collaborate and find collaborative alliances and forms, it is a huge process, it takes almost ten years, before things come into place and then it is time to demolish something”

The process of getting people to collaborate and find collaborative alliances and forms, it's a huge process, takes almost ten years, before things get in place

Huge process of getting people to collaborate, finding collaborative alliances and forms

Facing difficulties in the collaboration

Bridging the organizational gap

“I assume that people tell the truth until the opposite is proven and really it is not, it is a waste of time if the patient is not honest, but sometimes people struggle with these great difficulties with feelings of shame and guilt and then you have to work with it”

It is a waste of time if the patient is not honest, but sometimes people struggle with these great difficulties with feelings of guilt and shame and then you have to work with it

Waste of time in case of dishonesty – encountering difficulties with guilt and shame

Working with patients who are exposed to prejudicial thoughts

Having beliefs about the patients you encounter

“How do you know what the truth is, it is the patient who is the one who responds?”

How do you know what is true, it is the patient who responds?

How do you know that the patient responds truthfully?

Expressing prejudicial thoughts towards the patient

Having beliefs about the patients you encounter

“I think it is probably very individual how to handle it, partly I think that it may also differ between us therapists, how we look at it and also how the doctors look at it, but I can only speak for myself that when I discover that you do not get anywhere in the treatment and you understand that there is more alcohol here than you have been able to map from the beginning”

Very individual how to handle it, it can differ between therapists and also doctors. Can only speak for me, that when I discover that you do not get anywhere in the treatment and you understand that here is more alcohol than you have been able to map from the beginning

Very individual how to handle it, can differ how between therapists. More alcohol than you have been able to map from the beginning when you do not get anywhere in the treatment

Having a feeling of developing together

Striving to achieve a therapeutic alliance

“I’m thinking about those that I have contacted, as it’s been so mostly that I offer to accompany them there, for example to the first physician appointment there, or to a nurse [appointment]…..One begins to build up something so that the patient knows where it is, what the building looks like and so forth, for there is a lot of fear in this too, and resistance.”

I offer to come along for the first conversation with the doctor and nurse, you start to build something so that the patient knows where it is, how the premises look, because there is a lot of fear in this also, and resistance

Offers to accompany to the first visit, so the patient knows where it is, how the premises look, there is a lot of fear in this and resistance

Supporting the patient towards recovery

Striving to achieve a therapeutic alliance