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Table 4 Sociodemographic, substance use and treatment variables associated with patient perceptions of suboptimal SUD treatment outcomes (n = 1097)

From: Factors associated with patient-reported experiences and outcomes of substance use disorder treatment in Cape Town, South Africa

Variable

Poor performance on substance use PROM

n (%)

Unadjusted association

Adjusted association

ORa

95% CIb

aORc

95% CI

Gender

 Male

265 (32.3)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Female

82 (28.8)

0.84

0.61–1.19

0.57

0.35–0.93*

Race

 Black African

30 (37.9)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Colouredd

265 (29.8)

0.69

0.42- 1.15

1.24

0.38–4.08

 White

51 (40.2)

1.10

0.75–1.61

2.07

0.76–5.63

 Indian

1 (8.3)

0.15

0.02–1.19

0.11

0.00–5.53

 Age (M, SE) in years

33.31 (0.59)

1.01

1.00–1.02*

1.01

0.99–1.04

Education

 Not completed school

157 (29.3)

0.83

0.62–1.11

–

 

Employment

 Employed

93 (32.3)

1.06

0.57–1.95

–

 

 Comorbid physical noncommunicable disease

40 (38.5)

1.51

0.66–3.42

–

 

 Comorbid mental health

40 (35.7)

1.32

1.06–1.66**

1.41

1.02–2.05*

Primary substance

 Stimulants

121 (28.8)

0.94

0.46–1.92

-

 

 Heroin

99 (32.5)

1.12

0.52–2.39

  

 Cannabis

23 (37.1)

1.37

0.82–2.28

  

 Methaqualone

21 (24.7)

0.76

0.17–3.52

  

 Alcohol

46 (30.1)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Polysubstance use

185 (28.4)

1.56

1.19–2.05***

1.68

1.11–2.55*

 Chronicity: years of use (M, SE)

14.66 (0.59)

1.01

0.99–1.02

0.98

0.96–1.01

Frequency of use

 Daily

199 (25.8)

0.89

0.31–2.50

–

 

 2–6 times per week

77 (38.1)

1.22

0.34–4.46

  

 Weekly

6 (23.1)

0.54

0.09–3.22

  

 Monthly

4 (22.2)

Reference

   

Prior SUD treatment

 No

154 (26.0)

Reference

 

Reference

 

 Yes

164 (32.4)

1.18

0.91–1.54

1.08

0.73–1.61

Treatment intensity Outpatient

229 (33.3)

Reference

 

–

 

Residential

118 (28.2)

0.78

0.38–1.61

  

State-funded treatment

     

 Yes

262 (31.3)

0.98

0.43–2.21

–

 

 No

85 (31.7)

Reference

   

Did not complete treatment

21 (46.7)

1.97

1.06–3.68*

3.03

1.33–6.86**

Treatment quality perceived as suboptimal

230 (73.0)

16.31

0.97–24.25***

20.82

13.59–31.88***

  1. aOR odds ratio, b95% CI 95% confidence interval, cAOR adjusted odds ratio, d“ Coloured” refers to people of mixed race ancestry- a designated population group in South Africa
  2. *significant at p < 0.05, **significant at p < 0.01, ***significant at p < 0.001
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Addiction Science & Clinical Practice

ISSN: 1940-0640