Table 2 Factors associated with discharge to institutional post-acute settings among hospitalized Medicare beneficiaries with OUD, overall and stratified by age group

Age

 < 50 vs. < 50–64

0.67 (0.65, 0.68)

–

 65–74 vs. 50–64

–

–

 75–84 vs. 50–64

–

1.47 (1.44, 1.51)^a

 85 + vs. 50–64

–

2.45 (2.37, 2.53)^a

Male vs. female

1.03 (1.01, 1.06)

0.88 (0.86, 0.90)

Race and ethnicity

 Black vs.White, Non-Hispanic

0.79 (0.77, 0.82)

0.69 (0.67, 0.72)

 Hispanic vs.White, Non-Hispanic

0.80 (0.75, 0.86)

0.65 (0.58, 0.73)

 Other vs.White, Non-Hispanic

0.90 (0.85, 0.96)

0.79 (0.74, 0.85)

 Dual Medicare and Medicaid enrollment vs. Medicare only

1.45 (1.42, 1.49)

1.72 (1.68, 1.76)

Hospital stay characteristics

 Length of stay ≥ 3 vs. < 3 days

1.67 (1.63, 1.71)

3.35 (3.26, 3.45)

 Gagne comorbidity score ≥ 3 vs. < 3

1.35 (1.32, 1.38)

1.33 (1,30, 1.36)

 Intensive care unit use vs. none

1.46 (1.43, 1.49)

1.23 (1.21, 1.26)

 Surgical procedure vs. none

1.21 (1.19, 1.24)

1.22 (1.19, 1.24)

Primary diagnosis

 Opioid use disorder

0.54 (0.52, 0.57)

0.70 (0.67, 0.74)

 Opioid or other drug overdose

1.94 (1.86, 2.02)

1.56 (1.48, 1.64)

 Cancer

0.77 (0.70, 0.86)

0.68 (0.63, 0.73)

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

0.64 (0.60, 0.69)

0.61 (0.57, 0.65)

 Heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, cardiac dysrhythmias

0.89 (0.84, 0.95)

0.71 (0.68, 0.74)

 Fracture

3.28 (3.11, 3.46)

3.94 (3.76, 4.12)

 Septicemia

1.47 (1.43, 1.52)

1.14 (1.10, 1.18)

Year of hospitalization

 2017 vs. 2016

1.04 (1.02, 1.07)

0.98 (0.96, 1.00)

 2018 vs. 2016

0.99 (0.96, 1.01)

0.95 (0.93, 0.97)