Table 1 Case characteristics
Total (%) | |
|---|---|
n = 23 | |
Gender (female) | 13 (56.5) |
Age | |
< 30 | 1 (4.3) |
30–39 | 18 (78.3) |
40–49 | 3 (13.0) |
50–59 | 1 (4.3) |
Race | |
Black/African-American | 1 (4.3) |
White | 22 (95.7) |
Ethnicity | |
Not Hispanic or Latino | 23 (100.0) |
Insurance type | |
Medicaida | 21 (91.3) |
Private | 1 (4.3) |
Uninsured | 1 (4.3) |
Unstably housed within the past year | 14 (60.9) |
Mental health diagnosis | |
ADHD | 1 (4.3) |
Bipolar disorder | 4 (17.4) |
Depression and anxiety disorders | 12 (52.2) |
PTSD | 3 (13.0) |
Other | 1 (4.3) |
Medical Co-morbidities | |
Chronic HCV (untreated) | 14 (60.9) |
HIV | 1 (4.3) |
Cirrhosis | 1 (4.3) |
Chronic kidney disease | 1 (4.3) |
Substance use disorder diagnosis other than OUDb | |
Alcohol | 5 (21.7) |
Benzodiazepines | 14 (60.9) |
Cocaine | 17 (73.9) |
Methamphetamine | 5 (21.7) |
Cannabis | 2 (8.7) |
Tobacco/Nicotine | 18 (78.3) |
Daily opioid use | |
≤ 14 bags (1 bundle) “dope” | 9 (39.1) |
15—28 bags (1–2 bundles) “dope” | 7 (30.4) |
> 28 bags (> 2 bundles) “dope” | 7 (30.4) |
Intravenous opioid use | 21 (91.3) |
Xylazine (“tranq”) use | 8 (34.8) |
Urine drug test resultsb | |
Fentanyl | 19 (82.6) |
Morphine/Codeine | 1 (4.3) |
Methadone | 5 (21.7) |
Benzodiazepines | 5 (21.7) |
Amphetamines | 4 (17.4) |
Hospital admissions (past 12 mo) | |
0 | 6 (26.1) |
1–3 | 12 (52.2) |
≥ 4 | 5 (21.7) |
PDD discharges (past 12 months) | |
0 | 10 (43.5) |
1–3 | 11 (47.8) |
≥ 4 | 2 (8.7) |
ED vists without admission (past 12 mo) | |
0 | 11 (47.8) |
1–3 | 10 (43.5) |
≥ 4 | 2 (8.7) |
ED visit without admission (past 30 days) | 5 (21.7) |
Hospital admission (past 30 days) | 11 (47.8) |
PDD discharge (past 30 days) | 9 (39.1) |
Acute pain indication (non-exclusive) | |
Wound | 7 (30.4) |
Traumatic injury | 1 (4.3) |
Skin and soft tissue infection | 9 (39.1) |
Other | 6 (26.1) |
None | 7 (30.4) |
Enrolled in MOUD on admission | |
Methadone from OTP | 3 (13.0) |
Prescribed buprenorphine | 1 (4.3) |
Not enrolled in MOUD | 19 (82.6) |
Treated for serious injection-related infectionb | |
Osteomyelitis/discitis | 6 (26.1) |
Bacteremia/fungemia | 5 (21.7) |
Endocarditis | 4 (17.4) |
Septic arthritis | 3 (13.0) |
Epidural abscess | 3 (13.0) |
Empyema | 1 (4.3) |