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Table 2 Average liver enzymes and bilirubin among managed alcohol program (MAP) participants before entry to MAP, during MAP, and after discontinuing MAP, in the longitudinal study by Stockwell at el. [16]

From: Grayken lessons: between a rock and a hard place? A 37-year-old man with acute liver injury while enrolled in a managed alcohol program for severe alcohol use disorder

Liver enzyme and function tests (normal range)

Before MAP, mean (95% CI)a

On MAP, mean (95% CI)a

Off MAP, mean (95% CI)a

ALT (7–56 U/L)

56 (38–74)

44 (22–67)

64 (47–82)

AST (5–40 U/L)

61 (40–82)

65 (39–91)

96 (76–117)

GGT (5–65 U/L)

221 (113–328)

266 (0–576)

492 (134–851)

Bilirubin (< 1 mg/dL)

0.64 (0.41–0.88)

0.82 (0.12–1.46)

1.11 (0.64–1.52)

  1. MAP managed alcohol program, CI confidence intervals, ALT alanine transaminase, U/L units per litre, AST Aspartate transaminase, GGT gamma-glutamyl transferase
  2. aMeans and 95% confidence intervals generated from longitudinal mixed linear regression models
  3. bto convert bilirubin to umol/L, multiply these values by 17.1