Proceedings of the 15th annual conference of INEBRIA

© The Author(s) 2018. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creat iveco mmons .org/licen ses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creat iveco mmons .org/ publi cdoma in/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. A1 Single episode of harmful alcohol use resulting in injury: a missed opportunity for brief intervention in the emergency department Cheryl J. Cherpitel, Yu Ye, Vladimir B. Poznyak Public Health Institute, Alcohol Research Group, Emeryville, CA, USA; Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland Correspondence: Cheryl J. Cherpitel (ccherpitel@arg.org) Addiction Science & Clinical Practice 2018, 13(Suppl 1): A1

Background: Professional guidelines recommend primary care SU screening and brief advice for all adolescents, but studies show suboptimal adherence. To reduce key barriers, we developed a computerfacilitated Screening and Brief Advice (cSBA) system consisting of computerized pre-visit screening and psychoeducation for patients, and point-of-care decision support for clinicians with prompts to guide 2-3 min of counseling and recommendea d follow-up. We conducted an initial patient randomized controlled trial of cSBA versus treatment as usual (TAU) to test effects on adolescent receipt of clinician advice to avoid SU, and on SU prevention during 12-months follow-up as indicated by time to first SU post-visit. Materials and methods: Well-visit patients ages 12-18 years were consecutively recruited at 5 pediatric offices in Boston in 2015-2016. Participants provided informed assent/consent and completed the CRAFFT 2.0 screen and baseline assessments on a tablet computer prior to the clinician encounter. We had an IRB-approved waiver of parent consent. Participants were then randomized within site (1:2.5) to TAU (n = 243) or cSBA (n = 624). We assessed patient-reported advice receipt with a post-visit questionnaire, and substance use days at baseline and through 12-months follow-up using a Timeline Follow-Back calendar-based method completed confidentially online or by phone at 3-month intervals. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling to compare days-to-first-use post-visit, controlling for age. Results: Participation was 89% (869/1062); 79% of participants had data at 12 months follow-up, with no differences in retention between groups. We found no baseline group differences other than age, with mean age older in TAU vs. cSBA (M = 15.1 vs. 14.7 years, p < .05); age was a control variable in all further analyses. The total sample had 51% girls, 45% were White non-Hispanic, and 65% had college-graduate parents. Most (78%) had > 3 prior visits with their clinician. Baseline past-12-month alcohol, cannabis, and other drug use rates were 22, 12, and 1%, respectively. cSBA had higher advice rates compared to TAU (90% vs. 72%, p < .001), and longer time to first post-visit substance use, as indicated by adjusted hazard ratios (AHR) of .77 (95%CI .61-.98) for any substance, .75 (.59-.96) for alcohol, and .61 (.44-.86) for cannabis. Conclusions: Computer-facilitated adolescent screening and clinician brief advice significantly delayed, compared to usual care, time to first substance use following the pediatric well-visit.
Background: Digital interventions for alcohol can help achieve reductions in hazardous and harmful alcohol consumption, and potentially have a broader reach than brief interventions delivered by healthcare workers. The Drink Less app for excessive drinkers in the UK was developed using evidence and theory, and a factorial experiment suggested that four of its intervention modules may assist with drinking reduction. However, low engagement and low response to follow-up are important barriers to effectiveness. Research is needed to understand what factors influence variation in users' level of engagement, response to follow-up and extent of alcohol reduction. Materials and methods: Secondary data analysis of a factorial RCT of the Drink Less app. Participants were aged 18 or over, lived in the UK and had an AUDIT > 7 (indicative of excessive drinking). Sociodemographic and drinking characteristics were assessed at baseline. Engagement was assessed in the first month of use (number of sessions, time on app, number of days used, and percentage of available screens viewed). Response to follow-up and extent of alcohol reduction (change in past week consumption) were measured after one month. Associations were assessed using unadjusted and adjusted regression models (linear or logistic, as appropriate). Results: Age and education qualifications (post-16) were positively associated with all engagement outcomes (both B > .02, p < .001). Age, education qualifications (post-16), and gender (female) were positively associated with response to follow-up (all OR > 1.04, p < .016). Engagement outcomes predicted response to follow-up (all OR > 1.02, p < .001), but not the extent of alcohol reduction (all -.14.070). Baseline drinking characteristics were the only variables associated with the extent of alcohol reduction amongst those followed-up (all B > .49, p < .001). Conclusions: Users of the alcohol reduction app, Drink Less, who were older and had post-16 education qualifications engaged more and were more likely to respond at one-month follow-up. Higher baseline alcohol consumption predicted a greater extent of alcohol Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018, 13(Suppl 1):20 reduction amongst those followed-up. Engagement was not associated with the extent of alcohol reduction, indicating that there is not an overall dose-response effect for the Drink Less app and, also considering the factorial experiment results, that exposure to particular modules is more important than intervention dose.
Background: Among patients living with HIV (PLWH) with alcohol use disorder (AUD), we sought to examine the effectiveness of integrated stepped care (ISC) versus referral as indicated (RAI) for alcohol use. Materials and methods: We conducted a randomized clinical trial between January 28, 2013-July 14, 2017 in five Veterans Health Administration Infectious Disease Clinics and enrolled PLWH having AUD. ISC over 24 weeks involved: Addiction Physician management with consideration of alcohol treatment medications (Step 1), Motivational Enhancement Therapy (Step 2), and referral for specialty care (Step 3) if patients reported ongoing heavy alcohol use at weeks 4 and 12, respectively. RAI: referral to specialty care at discretion of HIV provider. Primary outcome: average drinks per week (by Timeline Followback). Secondary outcomes: any heavy drinking daysphosphatidyl ethanolol (PEth) level, VACS Index score, undetectable HIV viral load, and depression (Patient Health Questionaire-9). Outcomes were assessed at week 24. Results: Among 128 participants, the mean age was 54 years, 98% were men, and 79% were black. Among those randomized to ISC (n = 63), 47% were stepped up to Step 2 and 25% were stepped up to Step 3. Forty-one percent of ISC patients vs. 8% of RAI patients received alcohol treatment medications. The ISC group reported non-statistically significant fewer average drinks per week compared to RAI group ( Alcohol Brief Interventions (ABI) have been shown to be an effective method of reducing alcohol consumption in non-clinical populations. They are cost-effectiveve, single session intervention which can be deployed among a large population quickly and easily, including by professionals without specific clinical training. However, the reported effect size is usually quite small (d = 0.15) and, worryingly, significant changes in control group drinking regularly occur in ABI Randomised Control Trials. However, it is not yet understood why such changes are found in control groups, or the potential implications this could cause in the literature. A number of possibilities have been suggested, including regression to the mean, demand characteristics (both context effects and hypothesis guessing), assessment reactivity, and the possibility that the control group interventions also include active behaviour change techniques. Without knowing why changes are found in the control groups, we cannot justifiably compare control and intervention groups, because we may be inadvertently comparing ABI with another unintentional intervention. Here, we discuss findings from an exploratory meta-analysis investigating the degree to which control groups are decreasing their drinking and potential factors which may explain this. The meta-analysis included 73 studies into Alcohol Brief Interventions. The meta-analysis shows a significant within-subject decrease in drinking in both the control groups (SMD = 0.27, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.17, 0.37]) and the intervention groups (SMD = 0.41, p < 0.05, 95% CI [0.31, 0.50), with no significant difference between the groups in terms of the degree of change. This suggests evidence of control groups masking the true intervention effect size. Further sub-group analyses and the implications are discussed. Background: In Mexico, marijuana is the most consumed illegal drug, accounting for 80% of the total illegal drug consumption, and in the last survey it went from 6% to 8.6% in 2016 (ENCODAT 2016(ENCODAT -2017, this is a problem due to its effects on health, family and escalation to other drugs, in addition to the perception that it is a little dangerous substance. Therefore, it is necessary to develop effective treatments, based on scientific evidence, specifically for this substance. The objective of the work is to describe the application and analyze the results of a Brief Intervention to assist users of marijuana. Materials and methods: The sample was integrated by 52 users of marijuana users with an average age of 22 years, who volunteered to receive treatment in an addiction clinic belonging to the National Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018, 13(Suppl 1):20 University of Mexico. A design n = 1 with several replicas was used, to ensure its internal and external validity, a pre, post evaluation and sixmonth follow-up was done. Results: Statistically significant differences are presented between the initial evaluation and the 6-month follow-up (F = 54.67, P < 0.000). Conclusions: From the results it is emphasized: the importance of using treatments based on scientific evidence; the achievement of abstinence and its maintenance six months after concluding the brief intervention; the use of motivational strategies to sensitize young people and increase the perception of risk on this substance; and Brief intervention as an appropriate alternative to be implemented in public health services in Mexico.

A12
Brief intervention in school-based health centers: a study of nurse practitioner-delivered vs. computer-delivered BI Jan Gryczynski, Robert P. Schwartz, Shannon Gwin Mitchell, Kristi Dusek Friends Research Institute, Baltimore Maryland USA, Baltimore, MD, USA Correspondence: Jan Gryczynski (jgryczynski@friendsresearch.org) Addiction Science & Clinical Practice 2018, 13(Suppl 1): A12 Background: School-based health centers (SBHCs) play an increasingly prominent role in improving healthcare access for adolescents in the US, particularly in underserved communities. SBHCs offer a range of health services, including care for acute and chronic medical problems, disease screening, family planning services, immunizations, and other primary care. Because they are embedded within schools, SBHCs are promising settings for a brief intervention. However, little is known about how best to provide brief interventions in these settings. Materials and methods: A randomized trial comparing the effectiveness of nurse practitioner-delivered brief intervention (NBI) vs. computerdelivered brief intervention (CBI) was conducted in two urban SBHCs. Participants were 300 high school students ages 14-18 with risky alcohol and/or cannabis use as determined by CRAFFT screening. Both interventions were tailored to participant characteristics and behaviors, incorporated motivational interviewing principles, and focused on cannabis, alcohol, and sex risks. Assessments were conducted at baseline, 3-and 6-month follow-up using audio computer-assisted self-interviewing methods. Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 adolescents prior to the launch of the trial (to inform intervention development), 30 adolescent trial participants, and two nurse practitioners. Qualitative interviews were recorded and transcribed for analysis. Results: Participants were 54% female, 93% black, and 6% Hispanic, with a mean age of 16.3 years (SD = 1.1). Past year cannabis and alcohol use were reported by 93% and 67%, respectively, with a mean CRAFFT score of 3.3 (SD = 1.2). Seventy-eight percent used cannabis in the past 30 days (mean = 9.9 of 30 days; SD = 11.1). Past month alcohol use was reported by 40% (mean = 1.2 of 30 days; SD = 2.9). Follow-ups are currently underway and will be completed in August 2018. Conclusions: This presentation will describe findings comparing CBI and NBI, and will examine considerations for deploying these brief intervention strategies in SBHC settings. Background: Attrition is an important issue in web-based interventions for college drinkers. Previous studies showed that participants' characteristics are related to attrition, but there is a lack of studies evaluating the influence of different recruitment strategies. This study aims to analyze the influence of the participants' ́ characteristics and different recruitment strategies in adherence (at least one follow-up assessment) on a web-based intervention for college drinkers. Materials and methods: 46,332 college students from all Brazilian regions aging from 18 to 30 years and reporting alcohol use in the previous three months. Students were recruited using non-incentive strategies (email invitations and Facebook) or incentives (academic credits). Participants were followed after 1, 3 and 6 months. The questionnaire included educational and sociodemographic characteristics, alcohol use (AUDIT), alcohol-related consequences and motivation to know more about their alcohol consumption. Statistical analyzes considered logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age, income and region. Results: Women (aOR = 1.09 95% CI: 1.03; 1.17 p = 0.005) and students with higher socioeconomic status (aOR = 1.38 95% CI: 1.23; 1.55 p < 0.001) were more adherent. More motivated students showed higher the adherence (aOR = 1.55 95% CI: 1.43; 1.69 p < 0.001). Regarding alcohol use, binge drinkers were more likely do adhere than non-binge drinkers (aOR = 1.23 95% CI: 1.15; 1.32 p < 0.001), as well as participants with alcohol hazardous use (aOR = 1.18 95% CI: 1.09; 1.28 p < 0.001), compared to low-risk drinkers. In contrast, participants reporting more alcohol-related consequences, were less adherent (aOR = 0.54 95% CI: 0.33; 0.91 p < 0.001). Recruitment using incentives increased by 5 times the adherence (aOR = 5.62 95% CI: 4.31; 7.34 p < 0.001), compared to non-incentives. Conclusions: The participants' characteristics interfered with adherence in a web-based intervention. Male, lower socioeconomic level, and negative consequences reduced adherence, while binge drinking, hazardous alcohol use, more motivated and non-monetary incentive increased adherence. This study highlights subgroups of participants that are more adherent and the impact of different recruitment strategies over attrition. Findings may help to improve future web-based alcohol interventions.

A13 Adherence in a web-based intervention for college drinkers: influence of the participants' characteristics and recruitment strategies
Clinical Trials Identifier: NCT02058355. Background: General practices and general hospitals are efficient settings for the provision of proactive prevention efforts and E-health interventions and have the potential to serve large populations. However, the cost of proactive recruitment is a factor limiting implementation, especially since most E-health interventions are focused on single behavioral health risks, making systematic screening ineffective. We describe methodological details of a proactive multipurpose health risk screening procedure in primary care patients and report data on the reach of individuals. Materials and methods: Study assistants proactively approached patients between 18 and 64 years from general practices and general hospitals at three sites for a computerized screening on harmful alcohol and tobacco consumption, depressiveness, insufficient fruit/vegetables consumption, physical inactivity, and overweight. An automatic scoring algorithm allocated patients to one of five studies addressing unhealthy substance use and/or depression. We analyzed participation rates, participants' characteristics, and selection factors. Results: In total, 12,757 patients were screened (overall participation rate: 86%) with 60% reporting at least two health risks. General practice patients reported fewer health risks (1.6 vs. 1.7) but more depressive symptoms (19% vs. 12%) than general hospitals patients. Of all participants screened, 30% were eligible for study participation. Between 36% and 51% of all eligible patients gave informed consent for study participation. Screening participation was associated with Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018, 13(Suppl 1):20 age and gender; study participation with socio-demographics, the number of health risks, and risk severity. Conclusions: Combining E-health interventions with proactive recruitment can achieve good reach among users who were not ready to change behavior yet. Since a substantial proportion of patients in primary care reveal multiple health behaviors, screening procedures should simultaneously address various health behaviors. More research is needed on how to increase participation rates and create synergies in E-health interventions for patients presenting multiple health risks. Background: Individuals with alcohol dependence are rarely diagnosed in health care services. This emphasizes the need for questionnaires with good psychometric properties in order to support healthcare staff to identify a larger proportion. A commonly used questionnaire is the AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test). An important question is the possibility to identify alcohol dependence in clinical populations with AUDIT. Objective: To investigate cut off scores for alcohol dependence in a clinical population, and whether combining AUDIT with biological markers can improve specificity and sensitivity. Materials and methods: Data collected from 498 patients seeking treatment at a specialized addiction clinic in Stockholm 2012-2014 was used for analysis. Patients filled in AUDIT and provided blood specimen, analyzed for carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (CDT), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT). Analysis was performed with methods from classical test theory; internal consistency, sensitivity, specificity, and ROC. ICD-10 diagnosis by a physician was Gold Standard for alcohol dependence. Results: AUDIT10 showed better sensitivity and specificity for alcohol dependence compared to AUDIT-C, AUDIT-3 and the dependence questions in AUDIT. For AUDIT-10 cut off > 16 gave the best balance between sensitivity (89.7%) and specificity (53.9%) with 78% correctly classified. Among 25-45 years old, > 18 or > 20, gave the best balance between sensitivity and specificity, with ROC area 88%. In the group 46-55 years, cut off > 16 was the best, with ROC 81%. Among 56-80 years, a lower cut off > 14 gave the highest accuracy. However, sensitivity and specificity were lower among the oldest. The lowest ROC area, 72%, was found among older women, significantly lower compared to the youngest group. Cut off > 15 in combination with elevated ALT improved sensitivity and specificity the most. AUDIT combined with elevated CDT, GGT, and AST only slightly improved sensitivity and specificity. Conclusions: AUDIT-10 showed the best psychometric properties to identify alcohol dependence among treatment seekers. A cut off of > 16 gave the highest sensitivity and specificity, which is lower compared to previous studies. Combining AUDIT with ALT improved psychometric properties. With older age, AUDIT shows lower psychometric properties, especially among older women, which future studies should investigate further. Background: Cannabis is globally the third most consumed drug after alcohol and tobacco. In recent years, the consumption of cannabis has been increasing and, consequently, the number of people demanding treatment has also increased. Despite these trends, a recent systematic review showed that there is no consensus on the definition of risky cannabis use, nor a standard means to define use based on quantity and frequency of consumption. As a response to this situation, we aim to define a Standard Joint Unit (SJU) and develop quantitative criteria to enable screening of risky cannabis use based on the SJU. Materials and methods: A naturalistic study of a convenience sample was made to define the SJU. Adults without cognitive impairment or language barriers completed a questionnaire on their cannabis use during the last 60 days and were asked to donate a joint to determine the 9-THC and Cannabinoid (CBD) content. Socio-demographical data, cannabis quantities, the frequency of use and risk for Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD-measured with the CAST) were collected to establish quantitative criteria to screen for risky cannabis use, based on the SJU. Scores were categorized into low, moderate and high risk of CUD, and related to the number of SJU consumed and frequency on a Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve. Results: 492 adults reported cannabis use and donated a total of 315 valid joints (232 marijuana; 83 hashish). Participants paid 5€ per gram of cannabis, with which they rolled 4 joints with each joint containing 7 mg of 9-THC (median values). This leads to 1 SJU = 1 joint = 0.25 g of cannabis = 7 mg of 9-THC. The second part of the study looked at risk of CUD among 473 adults, 82.5% of whom consumed cannabis nearly daily and 83.7% more than 4 times per week, with an average of 4 joints per smoking day. Risk for CUD increased significantly with higher frequency and quantity of cannabis use. The strongest predictor was found to be the number of joints consumed per smoking day, suggesting that consuming 1 extra joint a day increases the odds of risk of CUD by 1.44 times (95%, CI 1260-1640). ROC optimal adjustment suggests a cut-off criterion of 1.2 SJU per day to identify moderate/high risk. From this, we suggest 1 SJU per day as a preliminary evidence-based criterion to screen users with at least moderate risk for CUD. Conclusions: Although these results get us nearer to defining a quantitative tool to identify risky cannabis use, there is still a need for early detection and interventions, taking in account the adverse effects of cannabis use on physical and mental health, as well as on social, academic and work functioning. Namely, there is still a lack of definition in harms related to cannabis use. The only available tool is the CAST interview which focuses on the psychiatric disorder parameter. Further investigation is needed to define patterns of risky cannabis use, based on an agreed SJU, in multiple functional dimensions (organic, mental, injury, social, etc.). Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018, 13(Suppl 1):20 their opinion on licit and illicit drugs was applied. These responses were divided into two groups: anti-drugs opinion and a pro-drugs or indifferent opinion. Subsequently, all the answers were classified into 7 categories using keywords. To evaluate associations between variables χ2 Test or Fisher's exact test were used. This project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: A total of 257 participants, mean age 17 years; 135 (52.5%) 3 18 years old, 188 (73.2%) of whom were female. Of the 253 respondents to CRAFFT, 97 (38.3%) reported use of a substance, 69.1% were female, 35 (26%) were under 18 years of age; 80 patients (83.3%) used alcohol, 30 (30.9%) used cigarettes, 27 (27.8%) used marijuana, 14 (1.6%) used something else, and 39 patients presented a risk behavior for substance use. The use of illicit drugs was similar among minors and those over 18 years old. Of the 211 patients who gave their opinion about drugs, 184 (87.2%) were against drugs, 8 (3.8%) favored some type of substance and 19 (9%) were indifferent. Girls were significantly more against drug use (p = 0.01). A moral discourse was more frequent among those that never used drugs (p = 0.019). Of the 97 adolescents who reported use of a substance, 75% presented an opinion against the drug. Conclusions: Most adolescents and young adults who have used a substance in the last 12 months presented an opinion contrary to drug use. This ambiguity already presented in individuals suggests that they may be more easily convinced to stop using when working and intervening with them on this topic. Background: In partnership with researchers from four countries (Belarus, Brazil, India, and Mexico), the World Health Organization supported the development of an e-health portal on alcohol and alcohol-related consequences, which includes a web-based self-help intervention. The users have access to a set of tools developed to a) prepare for action (know about their alcohol use and find out if they are at risk of having health problems because of drinking); b) set their goals (taking the first step to cut down or stop their drinking) and c) take actions (use their diary to become aware of their drinking amount and related situations; access the step-by-step guide with suggestions to cut-down or stop drinking; do exercises to reflect and feel more positive in order to avoid slipping or relapsing. Materials and methods: We analyzed data from 1317 men and 958 women who entered the site between 2013 and 2018 and reported the main advantages and disadvantages associated with drinking. Results: The main advantages reported were: It is fun to drink (67.7%), I do funny things (51.2%), I make friends more easily (53.6.% men/44.2% women), I feel excited (48%), I feel more relaxed (46.3%). The main disadvantages reported were: I have a hangover (54.5%), I am out of shape (54.2%), I spend too much money (52%), I make a fool of myself (52.5% men and 50.9% women), I do not sleep well (53.1% men/47.8% women). We also observed differences between men and women regarding some less frequently reported advantages (not feeling lonely: 41.5% men/39.7% women) and disadvantages (problems at work 23.9% men/15.8% women; gaining weight: 38% men/46.1% women; reducing sexual performance: 42.5% men/31.4% women and disturbing the relationship with their partners: 35.4% men/25.5% women). Conclusions: The knowledge of the most important pros and cons of drinking, considering gender influence, is helpful to plan strategies to reduce drinking and prevent risk situations. Background: Alcohol is the most commonly used psychoactive substance in the world. In Latin America, it is estimated that the total consumption of alcohol per capita is 30%, higher than the world average. In Mexico, the results of the ENCODAT 2016-2017 show a growth in the tendencies of excessive consumption in the last year, going from 28.0% to 33.6%. In Mexico, since the 1990s, the health sector and other public institutions have made efforts to promote effective alternatives to address this public health problem. The objective of this work is to review the results of research conducted in Mexico for several years, applying an intervention for excessive consumers of alcohol. It is a brief motivational, cognitive-behavioral intervention that uses self-control procedures, functional analysis of drinking behavior, identification of risk situations and development of coping strategies. Results: Different groups attended in Mexico City (N = 1028) between 1995 and 2015. Showing changes ranging from 10.75 units of standard drink on average during the pre-evaluation to 4.7 during the intervention and 4.2 during follow-ups of 6 and 12 months, with statistically significant changes by reducing the amount of alcohol consumed, maintaining them through follow-ups, reducing the problems associated with this form of consumption and the increase in the self-efficacy of clients to control episodes of loss of control.

Conclusions:
The process of dissemination in spaces of the health sector, the barriers and the importance of disseminating the benefits of IB in countries with limited resources such as Mexico are discussed, as they are low-cost options and the possibility to address a public health problem. Background: Individuals who obtain specialty care for alcohol use disorder (AUD) have improved drinking outcomes, yet only a small percentage of individuals with AUD obtain treatment. We sought to identify barriers to AUD treatment seeking among individuals with moderate-to severe AUD symptoms who had never sought treatment. Materials and methods: This is a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial, RCT (Stecker T, McGovern M, Herr B, 2012. An intervention to increase alcohol treatment engagement: A pilot trial. Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment, 43, 161-167). Participants were age 18-plus, scored ≥ 16 on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT), and had never sought AUD treatment. Intervention arm subjects (N = 99) were administered a one-hour cognitive behavioral intervention by telephone to promote treatment seeking. Study therapists elicited beliefs that served as barriers to treatment seeking that were documented in written therapy notes and were categorized retrospectively. Results: The most common belief was categorized as "afraid of discomfort," endorsed by 35% of subjects. Examples include: "It is hard to trust someone else." "I am concerned about withdrawal." The other Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018, 13(Suppl 1):20 beliefs (e.g., "I can control of drinking") were endorsed by 18% or fewer subjects. Conclusions: With the exception of "afraid of discomfort", the other barriers to treatment identified have been reported commonly in the literature. Although "afraid of discomfort" has been infrequently mentioned in the literature as a barrier, it was the most commonly endorsed belief in the sample including fear of emotional (e.g., losing control of emotions in a therapy session, reliving trauma, bridging trust) or physical (e.g., craving, withdrawal) discomfort. Moreover, the idea of discomfort associated with treatment was the most emotional and time-consuming belief discussed during sessions. Results suggest the importance of targeting such discomfort in interventions to promote AUD treatment seeking. Background: In Portugal, the alcohol consumption per capita in the adult population exceeds the European mean consumption. The magnitude of this problem among homeless and vulnerably housed individuals (VhI) is unknown. Information about the homeless like how many are there, who are they and why they are in this situation it is very important, but it is also important to know the main healthrelated behaviors and risks to which they are exposed. The aims of this study were therefore to explore the feasibility and acceptability of an ABI among homeless and VhI, and to develop an ABI to be piloted in a future trial. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional survey, the data were collected with AUDIT, as part of the InPulsar work (Non-Governmental Organization Supporting the Homeless) in a Portuguese city, a sample composed of 32 homeless VhI (mean age 44.8 years, ranges from 26 to 65 years of age), 87,5% are male. Results: 32 Structured interviews were conducted; 6 were foreigners. Only 5 were employed, 12 were unemployed, and 15 receive a pension or income from social insertion. 53.1% reported having already consumed illicit drugs (15.6% are in the methadone program); 68.8% reported alcohol consumption, 34.3% cannabis, 90.6% tobacco, 9.3% hypnotic and sedatives, with regularity. 9 participants were screened positive for hazardous and harmful drinking. A total of 23 education interventions were developed, and 9 brief counseling. All individuals thought to talk about these problems was important and thought that 10 or 20 min of advice would be useful, and agree to be followed-up. Conclusion: Al of homeless and vulnerably housed individuals accepting the screening and brief interventions and would like to participate in follow-up. Education interventions and brief counseling were developed based on the risk level, and the work with the homeless approached these individuals of social support services. We need the follow-up study to analyze the effect of the brief interventions on the reducing hazardous and harmful drinking among vulnerable people. Background: Brief interventions are known to help primary care (PC) patients reduce unhealthy alcohol use, but there is less evidence about whether screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) helps patients with more severe problems connect to addiction treatment. SBIRT holds promise for facilitating successful referral and treatment initiation, but few interventions have addressed the challenges in doing this. We piloted an on-call service whereby specialty addiction medicine consultants provided real-time video consultation-including motivational interviewing and information about psychosocial and medication-assisted treatment options-to patients presenting in PC with likely alcohol use disorders. Materials and methods: Alcohol as a Vital Sign 2.0: Addiction Medicine Video Consultation was a one-year feasibility pilot conducted in adult primary care in a large Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) medical center. Researchers developed and implemented video consult workflows, continuing medical education (CME) training, an on-call staffing protocol, and ongoing technical assistance. Observational data included CME attendance and consult service utilization rates, technological challenges encountered, and treatment recommendations. Qualitative data included interviews with key stakeholders from addiction medicine, primary care, and information technology. Additional data about patient demographics and outcomes, including specialty and medication-assisted treatment initiation, will be extracted from KPNC electronic health records. Results: Ninety-one of the medical center's 130 PC physicians (70%) attended training, with 28 (31%) utilizing the consultation service. Eight remotely located addiction medicine consultants provided interventions to PC patients (n = 32). Technological challenges, ranging from a slight lag between audio and video feeds to video failure, occurred in 57% of consults, and 20 attempted consults (38%) did not occur due to technical or staffing problems. Consultants recommended specialty treatment for 23 patients (72%) and anti-craving medication for 13 patients (41%) Conclusions: PC physician engagement and utilization rates, and overall stakeholder feedback suggest that a video consult service would be readily adopted in PC, especially if technology and staffing challenges were addressed. The presentation will also report rates of treatment initiation, medication-assisted treatment prescriptions filled, and lessons learned, which we plan to incorporate into a larger-scale study of patient outcomes and cost-effectiveness. Background: Primary health care services receive women with different patterns of alcohol consumption, but the few studies that have undertaken to investigate this reality include male subjects, making it difficult to investigate the characteristics of alcohol peculiar to the female sex. Therefore, this study aims to identify the pattern of alcohol consumption of women users of Primary Health Care services in the city of São Paulo, verifying the association between the patterns of use and the variables of the sample. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional study carried out in a primary health care Unit in the downtown of São Paulo. Data were collected from July 2017 to February 2018. Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test -AUDIT was used to identify the pattern of alcohol use. From the database, a descriptive analysis was performed and to investigate the association we used the Kendall correlation test and the Kruskal-Wallis test.

Results:
The study sample consisted of 561 women, with a mean age of 43.27 years, The majority of participants were heterosexual (n = 529, 94.8%), browns (n = 244, 43.9%), single (n = 210, 43.9%), completed high school (n = 197, 35.1%), smokers (n = 98, 17.5%) and illicit drug users (n = 20, 3.6%). There was an association between Background: The implementation of screening and brief intervention within primary care settings creates opportunities to also discuss HIV-related risk behaviors, however, little has been documented with respect to bridging such conversations within the parameters of a primary care visit. The proposed presentation will examine the integration of HIV-discussions across three different SBIRT studies, which included adult patients in two rural Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs), adolescent patients in an urban FQHC, and adolescent patients in two urban school-based health centers. Materials and methods: Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, we analyzed data across the three studies. Descriptive statistics were used to examine quantitative data concerning patients' reported alcohol and substance use. Semi-structured qualitative interviews were conducted with eight primary care providers to understand factors influencing the integration of HIV-discussions with alcohol and drugrelated brief interventions (BIs). Qualitative data were analyzed using Atlas.ti to capture emergent and anticipated themes. Results: Marijuana was the most frequently used substance reported, followed by alcohol use in the study samples. Reported use of any other drugs was extremely low in these primary care samples. Qualitative interviews with primary care providers revealed several factors influencing whether or not they discussed HIV-related risk behaviors during BIs, including: the substance used, the presenting problem, the patient's medical history, and the length of the medical appointment. Providers mentioned greater comfort levels discussing sexual risk behaviors than drug-related behaviors, and focusing on the same patient-driven decisional points when balancing harm reduction and abstinence issues. The provider's comfort with motivational interviewing techniques seemed to indicate a willingness to use the techniques with topics beyond alcohol and substance use. Conclusions: While HIV-related risk behaviors may be low in primary care settings, opportunities are still present to expand the impact of drug or alcohol-related brief interventions by bridging these two related health topics.

Background:
Little is known about the effects of Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) on subsequent healthcare utilization among adolescents. We describe health care utilization findings from a trial of SBIRT in pediatric primary care. Materials and methods: We randomized clinic pediatricians (n = 52) to three study arms: (1) pediatrician-only, in which they were trained to deliver SBIRT; (2) embedded-BHC arm, in which they could refer patients to a behavioral health clinician (BHC); and (3) Usual Care (UC). We used electronic health record (EHR) data to obtain all inpatient and outpatient utilization (emergency department (ED), primary care (PC), Psychiatry and Chemical Dependency) during the 3 years following the index visit, across the three arms. We used logistic regression to examine any ER or inpatient use and negative binomial distribution for PC, psychiatry, Chemical Dependency and total outpatient visit count. The exponent of the estimated coefficient represents the odds ratio or rate ratio, with a value < 1 indicating less likelihood of a visit (for logistic) or fewer visits (for negative binomial). Results: There were 1871 eligible patients. At 1-year post-index, there were no differences in PC or inpatient utilization between the arms. Compared to UC, adolescents in the BHC arm had less likelihood of ED use (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.60, 95%CI = 0.34, 1.05), and were likely to have fewer Psychiatry visits (adjusted rate ratio [aRR] = 0.73,

Background: Relatives of individuals with addictive disorders (RIAD)
show elevated health-related morbidity but rarely seek help in the addiction treatment system. The aim of the present study is to estimate the prevalence of the problem and the level of impairment in RIAD identified via pro-active screening in primary care settings. Materials and methods: As a part of a health screening, patients aged 18-64 years. from general practices and general hospitals (N = 2273) were asked if they had a relative with a present or remitted addictive disorder (tobacco use disorder excluded). Relationship status and type of addiction were specified. In addition, depressive mood and health behaviour of patients were assessed. Patients without addicted relative were compared to patients with current or remitted addicted relatives, respectively. Results: In the whole sample, 12.7% (95% CI 11.4-14.0) of all respondents mentioned to have a relative with a present addictive disorder, and another 6.5% (95% CI 5.6-7.4) reported to have a relative with a remitted addictive disorder. Prevalence rates were significantly elevated in general hospital patients. When controlling for sociodemographic variables and health-related behaviours, relatives revealed elevated depression scores compared to controls. Conclusions: Relatives of individuals with addictive disorders are a vulnerable population and highly prevalent among patients in primary care. Evidence-based treatment including brief interventions exist and might have a public-health impact. Background: Alcohol screening, brief intervention (BI), and referral to treatment initiatives are often considered stepped care, such that BI will help link patients to treatment. A meta-analysis of BI trials found no evidence that BIs increase treatment receipt, but this has not been evaluated among patients receiving BI as part of routine care. We evaluate this question in a national healthcare system in which BI provision is encouraged annually by performance measurement and supported by electronic clinical decision support. Materials and methods: Secondary national clinical and administrative data from the U.S. Veterans Health Administration (VA) were used to identify all positive alcohol screens (AUDIT-C score ≥ 5) documented nationally (10/01/09-5/30/13). Regression models were used to estimate the prevalence of receiving specialty addictions treatment within 365 days after screening positive for patients with and without documented BI (advice to reduce or abstain ≤ 14 days of positive screen), in patients with and without diagnosed alcohol use disorder (AUD; based on ICD codes). Models were adjusted for demographics and mental health and substance use conditions and clustered on patient. Sensitivity analyses additionally adjusted for prior treatment receipt were conducted within a limited sample in which documentation of prior treatment was available. Results: Among 830,825 VA outpatients with positive screens for unhealthy alcohol use (1172,606 positive screens), 36% had diagnosed AUD, 74% received BI, and 11% received addictions treatment. Documented BI was associated with a decreased likelihood of receiving addictions treatment (Adjusted IRR 0.86, 95% CI 0.84-0.88). For patients without documented AUD, the prevalence of addictions treatment was lower for those with BI (4.0%; 95% CI 3.9-4.1) than those without (4.7%; 4.5-4.8). Similarly, among patients with AUD, those with BI documented had a lower prevalence of addictions treatment than those without [19.7% (19.5-19.9) and 16.4% (16.3-16.5)]. Results were similar in sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: In this national sample of patients with unhealthy alcohol use, documentation of BI was associated with a decreased likelihood of receiving specialty addictions treatment, for patients with and without AUD. These findings do not support the notion that BI increases linkage to treatment. Background: Alcohol is a teratogen that reaches the fetus through the placenta and increases the risk of fetal death, spontaneous abortions, under birth weight, premature birth, low gestational age, and fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. These consequences are 100% preventable if no alcohol is consumed during pregnancy. The aim of this work was to evaluate the efficacy of a brief intervention (BI) taking newborns health indicators as an objective outcome measure. Materials and methods: We screened 503 pregnant women up to 26 weeks of gestation attending Public Health Centers of the Municipality of General Pueyrredón, Argentina, during 2016. We performed a probabilistic sampling, with random assignment between two groups: alcohol screening and BI or alcohol screening and brief advice (BA). After childbirth, we obtained health indicators from the newborns: birth weight in kilograms, gestational age at birth in weeks, and APGAR score in a range from 1 to 10 (BI group = n = 77; BA group = n = 72). In addition, we included a third control group (EC) of newborns whose mothers did not participate in the alcohol screening groups (n = 150). We compared newborns health indicators from BI, BA and EC groups with each other using the Wilcoxon Ranke Test and the Cliff´s Delta analysis as a measure of effect size. Analyses were performed with the R Project for Statistical Computing, version 3.4.1. Results: We registered statistically significant differences in the birth weight (p < .05) and gestational age at birth (p < .001) between BI and BA groups compared with the third control group (EC). No statistically significant differences were found in the values of the APGAR score. Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018, 13(Suppl 1):20

A29 Brief intervention for alcohol use in pregnant women: evidence of newborns health indicators in Argentina
The effect size of the differences found was modest. We did not find statistically significant differences in any of the three indicators (birth weight, APGAR and gestational age at birth) among BI and BA groups. Conclusions: Our results suggest that alcohol screening and brief intervention or brief advice among pregnant women significantly reduce the newborns' risk of suffering some of the consequences of prenatal alcohol exposure. Background: Alcohol consumption in Norway increased by 40% in two decades from the early 90s. Even though the general public is well acquainted with the concepts of addiction and abuse, the awareness of alcohol as a potentially relevant factor for a whole array of clinical problems, without any signs of addiction or abuse, have been scarce. Since 2013, all general hospitals in Norway are obliged to identify and to intervene with risky or harmful alcohol consumption, but such strategies are still lacking in many hospitals. Stavanger University Hospital has had an alcohol liaison team since 2008. In this study, we wanted to explore how patients without prior alcohol or drug use disorder (AUD/ SUD) experienced the interventions by the alcohol liaison team. Materials and methods: Patients admitted to Stavanger University Hospital without previous alcohol or drug use disorder and without previous brief alcohol interventions (BAI) where invited, after a brief alcohol intervention. Patients who accepted went through a telephone interview one week after the hospital stay. Results: In the study period, 182 patients without previous AUD/SUD or previous BAI received a BAI from the alcohol liaison team. Of these, 91 patients accepted to take part in the study, and 58 patients completed the interview. A large majority of the patients said that they had been informed well or very well about the reasons for the intervention, and that they themselves understood well or very well the reasons for the intervention. Almost all patients found the intervention relevant for their own health, but less than half of the patients believed that alcohol would be addressed when seeing their GP later. Conclusions: This study indicates that patients without previous diagnoses or interventions are accepting BAI when healthcare personnel finds it relevant. Fewer patients expect alcohol to be addressed when seeing their GP later. This may be because they do not find it serious enough or they believe they will solve the problem, or because of a lack of trust in the relationship with their GP or the GP's abilities. Further studies should explore patients' perspectives on collaboration between primary care and hospitals. Background: While at-risk drinking is prevalent among 16% of male 11-to 17-year-olds (12% among females) in Germany, prevention and early intervention only reaches a small percentage of youth. Evidence supports the effectiveness of electronic alcohol interventions in reducing alcohol consumption and related harms in populations of young drinkers, especially when participants are contacted multiple times over the duration of an intervention. This trial aims to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a single session brief motivational web-based intervention (Pro-WISE) plus weekly text-messageinitiated individualized prompts (TIPs) delivered over a period of 3 months in reducing alcohol consumption and alcohol-related harm. Materials and methods: The Pro-WISE-TIP trial is part of the multicenter Pro-HEAD study which aims at the prevention of mental health problems (alcohol misuse, depression, eating disorders) in 12-to 17-year-olds. In a four-arm, randomized controlled design the following groups will be compared in the Pro-WISE-TIP trial: (A) web-based intervention plus text-message-initiated individualized prompts for 12 weeks, (B) web-based intervention plus text-message-initiated assessment of alcohol consumption for 12 weeks, (C) web-based intervention only, (D) psychoeducation. TIPs are tailored to individual differences in drinking motives, age and gender and are designed to reach youth in the contexts of their everyday lives by providing individualized feedback on drinking intentions, actual drinking and succession in achieving goals for low-risk drinking or abstinence. In the Pro-HEAD study, a target sample of N = 15.000 will be recruited in schools. Those with a positive screening (≥ 2) for at-risk alcohol use in the CRAFFTd will be included in the Pro-WISE-TIP trial (target n = 1076). Primary outcome is alcohol use in the past 30 days 9 months after enrollment. Secondary outcomes are alcohol-related problems, co-occurring substance use, further health service utilization, mental health problems and health-related quality of life. Study participants will be followed up at 3, 6 and 9 months in the Pro-WISE-TIP trial and at 1 and 2 years in the Pro-HEAD study.

Results and conclusions:
The Pro-WISE-TIP intervention, if effective, can be used as a stand-alone youth-specific brief alcohol intervention or as an add-on to future school-based or community-based alcohol prevention programs.

A32
Evaluation of a cognitive behavioral intervention in cartoon format for alcohol abuse designed for the working population. Background: The implementation of preventive and treatment actions to reduce alcohol consumption in the work environment can be complex due to the lack of interest on the part of employers. Moreover, employees do not always have time during working hours to participate in these activities. It is therefore important to adapt preventive interventions to simple, practical and efficient modalities. Objective: Evaluate the efficiency of a behavioral cognitive intervention in cartoon format for alcohol abuse designed for the working population. Materials and methods: A randomized clinical pilot test was performed with 42 workers ages 19-50 from three different firms. Respondents were arbitrarily assigned to one of three conditions:

Results of a pilot test
(1) Cognitive-behavioral intervention in cartoon format with weekly accompaniment by a monitor (C + M), (2) Cognitive-behavioral intervention in cartoon format (C) and (3) Brief advice through a brochure (BA). Alcohol consumption and associated work problems were assessed through AUDIT before and after the intervention. Results: The percentage of people with dangerous consumption fell from 10% to 0% in the C + M group, from 20% to 16.7% in the cartoon group and from 40% to 28.6% in the BA group. The number of absences and late arrivals associated with consumption also fell. A total of 20% completed the cartoon activities, 50% felt relaxed after doing the activities and 40% felt that what they had learned could help in other aspects of their life.

Conclusions:
The cartoon format is a short intervention alternative to assist the working population in the workplace who lack the time and Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018, 13(Suppl 1):20 considered before developing a mobile-based BI. A thematic analysis of interview transcripts was conducted using Nvivo version 11. Lastly, the information collected through the systematic review and qualitative interviews was triangulated to inform the next step of the intervention process. Results: Study findings revealed that majority of the HDs expressed feeling comfortable using a mobile phone, specifically through SMS to seek treatment for their condition. Most of the participants opted to be contacted weekly and preferably on weekends. Lastly, both experts and intended recipients felt that information on ill effects of alcohol, managing cravings and tempting situations and helpful resources in case of emergencies would be important to include as part of the BI. Conclusions: Preliminary findings suggest that a mobile-based BI will be acceptable to the intended recipients and feasible to deliver. Only two studies reported data on binge drinking, one conducted in a representative sample of the country defined as 3 drinks in one occasion and found a prevalence of 10.3%, while another investigated two cities defining binge as 5 drinks on one occasion and found a prevalence of 27.1% (Belo Horizonte) and 13.7% (Bambuí). Heavy drinking was estimated in four studies using different definitions and prevalence varied from 2.9 to 7.3%. Three studies provided estimates for alcohol dependence. Only one study used the DSM-IV diagnosis criteria and found a prevalence of alcoholism of 3.8%, whilethe other two used screening tools and found higher prevalence, 8.2% and 9.2. Male gender and younger ageweres found to be associatedwitho most patterns of alcohol consumption. High education was associatedwitho binge and heavy drinking, while low education and low socioeconomic status to alcohol dependence.Other factorsr such as, being separated/divorced, disability, smoking and falls were reported to be associatedwitho one pattern of alcohol drinking. Conclusions: These findings show that in Brazil, the problems related to alcohol use by the elderly remain relatively unknown, since there are few studies on this subject. Some instruments used in the methodology of the studies may not be suitable for the population over 60 years. In addition, the divergence in the methodology adopted may explain the variations observed in the prevalence of alcohol consumption and the factors associatedwitho its use. PIBA has proved to have a positive impact on the reduction of adolescents' consumption patterns when comparing baseline data with treatment and follow-up results. Likewise, there is an increase in the selfefficacy of teens to face situations of consumption, and also in the reduction of the number of problems associated with it. These results have been replicated in different samples of women and men living in urban or rural areas. On the other hand, the effectiveness of PIBA also seems to be related with the adaptations that have been made of the materials, instruments and sessions; the adaptation of training online, the introduction ofand induction session, and the adaptation of materials forthe rural population. In addition, a randomized clinical trial was conducted, where a control group is included and the comparison between two interventions. Also, it has been compared against the brief advice (CB); and shows both treatments significantly decrease the consumption and level of risk compared with the control group, but PIBA showsan even greater reduction in the consumption rates. So the foregoing, allowslocatinge PIBA as a treatment in constant evaluation in Mexico. In the present, we continue to investigate new areas of interest in relation to the program and keep working to achieve a successful transfer to the users of this type of brief interventions.

A38
The impact of a lay health counsellor delivered psychological treatment for harmful drinking in primary care: A qualitative study nested in the PREMIUM trial in Goa, India Urvita Bhatia 1 , Sachin Shinde 1 , Abhijit Nadkarni 1,2 , Richard Velleman 1,3 , Vikram Patel Background: Alcohol consumption is a major public health concern in India because of an increase in availability of alcohol, rapid changes in the patterns of alcohol use (frequent and heavy drinking), and alcoholrelated problems. Alcohol Use Disorders (AUDs) have been accorded a low priority in India and evidence-based brief interventions have limited access because of low help-seeking rates, lack of human resources, and limited contextual applicability of interventions which are developed in a different setting. The PREMIUM trial demonstrated the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of Counselling for Alcohol Problems (CAP), a brief psychological treatment delivered by lay counsellors to patients with harmful drinking attending primary healthcare settings. The qualitative sub-study explored the experiences of receiving CAP and its perceived impact. Materials and methods: Semi-structured qualitative interviews with 51 trial participants, 33 were from the CAP arm, and 18 from the Enhanced Usual Care (EUC) arm. We used thematic analysis to analyse the data. Results: The average age was 45 years, withthe majority of the participants being married (75%) and employed (78%), with the most common occupation being daily wage labour, domestic work, and farming (68%). Participants explained that the most preferred change in drinking patterns wasa reduction in drinking. Participants highlighted differences in drinking patterns before and after treatment in terms ofthe quantity Addict Sci Clin Pract 2018, 13(Suppl 1):20 of alcohol consumed, the frequency of alcohol consumed, amount of money spent on buying alcohol, situations where alcohol is consumed, etc. Participants highlighted positive changes in lifestyle, sleep and appetite, physical and mental health, relationships, and work functioning. The counsellor's advice which was perceived as helpful encompassed understanding drinking patterns, its impact, strategies to change drinking behaviours, and choosing a preferred goal. The specific strategies cited were maintaining personal resolve, focussing on the negative impact of drinking, controlling urges, and distracting oneself. Participants reported better engagement with CAP because of certain qualities of the counsellor, who was seen to be understanding, friendly, non-forceful and non-judgemental. Conclusions: Contextualised brief psychological treatments for harmful drinking are acceptable and effective when delivered by non-specialist health workers in routine health-care. Such treatments need to be scaled up to address the high-unmet need associated with AUDs. Background: In 2011, a pilot implementation program was launched to assess the effectiveness of the SBIRT model as barriers and facilitators in the implementation process in the community, including Primary Health Care (PHC) and Police Stations. Analyze the process of implementing a model of a community system for early detection, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) in people with alcohol and drug risk consumption. Materials and methods: A multiple case study was carried out, applying mixed methods. The surveyed population was 6062 users. Of these, 4851 tests were applied in the Metropolitan Region and 1211 in the municipality of Coquimbo, between December 2011 and May 2012. The qualitative information was collected from semi-structured interviews and focus groups. Results: The SBIRT program was perceived as more complete and standardized than treatment as usual in PHC for the problem of substance use. It is a program of relatively low complexity for health personnel, who were familiar with activities of this type. The times of application of the test and of the Brief Intervention are less compatible with the structure of work for certain PHC professionals, such as doctors, nurses, and midwives, unless it was divided into stages, with the detection phase performed by health technicians, and then intervention by professionals. Conclusions: These findings shade light about strengths and necessary adaptations of the SBIRT program for widespread implementation. Background: To evaluate the effectiveness of Normative Feedback (NF) in the Brief Intervention (BI) to reduce alcohol consumption and related problems in university students. Materials and methods: Data were collected from 158 incoming students to the National University of Mar del Plata who provided informed consent. 60% were women and 40% were men, between 17 and 45 years old (M = 20.45 SD = 3.9). Weperformedd a random assignment to one of three conditions: evaluation only (control -CG-), evaluation and BI without RN (BI), and evaluation and BI with NF (BI-NF). To assess effectiveness, was evaluated the decrease in AUDIT scores. In order to estimate differences between the groups before and after the BIs, bivariate analyzes were performed (Kruskal-Wallis test and Mann-Whitney U test). Also measures of clinical significance (relative risk (RR), absolute risk reduction (RAR) and the number of patients needed to treat to reduce an event (NNT), comparing the effectiveness of interventions between groups. Results: No differences were found between groups at the beginning of the experiment (H (2) = 3.52, p = 0.172), but they were found after interventions (H (2) = 25.6, p = 0.001). The initial means were CG M = 6.03, SD = 3.11, BI M = 5.24, SD = 2.41, and BI-NF M = 6.47, SD = 2.7; and the final CG M = 4.11, SD = 2.82, BI M = 1.92, SD = 1.53, and BI-NF M = 3.09, SD = 2.63. Differences were found between CG and BI (U = 688.5, p = 0.001), CG and BI-NF (U = 916.5, p = 0.018), and BI and BI-NF (U = 403.5, p = 0.013). The effectiveness was 85% CG, 97% BI and 91% BI-NF, the differences were significant for CG and BI (RR (IC95%) = 13% (21% -3%), RAR (IC95%) = 12% (2% -25%), NNT (IC95%) = 8 (4 to 39), p = 0.05), and CG and BI-NF [RR (IC95%) = 6% (19% -8%), RAR (95% CI) = 6% (-6% -22%), NNT (95% CI) = 18 (5 to -18), p = 0.04), although no BI and BI-NF differences were found (p = 0.248)]. Conclusions: Both analyzes showed the same tendency, the effectiveness of the BI, both without NF and with NF compared with the CG, but surprisingly the NF component seems not to contribute to the effectiveness of the BI.

A41
Effectiveness of brief interventions to reduce alcohol consumption among older people in primary care: a review of systematic reviews Tassiane C. S. de Paula 1 , Danusa de Almeida Machado 1 , Maria Lucia O. Souza-Formigoni 1 , Emerita Opaleye 1 , Camila Chagas 1 , Cleusa P. Background: With the population aging, risks related to alcohol consumption among older people are a growing concern. However, studies on interventions to reduce alcohol consumption in older people are scarce. Materials and methods: This is a review of systematic reviews on the effectiveness of brief interventions to reduce alcohol consumption among older people in primary care. The data sources were identified through the electronic databases: Medline, EMBASE and Cochrane, and through a search of the references of the texts identified in the search. Studies published in English prior to March 2018 were eligible for the review. Results: Three recently published systematic reviews were identified: Kelly et al., (2017) included 13 studies, eight of which were conducted in primary care; Armstrong-Moore et al., (2018) included seven studies, six of which were in primary care; Kaner et al., (2018) included 69 studies, all in primary care with adult populations, but only four studies focused on older adults. 9 original studies were included in the systematic review, all of them conducted in high-income countries (HIC). The studies compared an intervention group (brief intervention based motivational interviews, personalized feedback, educational material, physician advice, drinking diaries and telephone counselling) and a control group (leaflets or usual care or no intervention). Five studies reported positive effects of the intervention on the reduction of alcohol consumption compared to controls, and the other four reported a reduction in harmful alcohol consumption that was not statistically significant. No evidence was found about the impact of these interventions on cognition or dementia, which are very relevant to aging. Conclusions: Research in this area is still limited and concentrated in HIC. The studies adopted different approaches, which is positive in terms of identifying more effective interventions because they tested a wider range of options; however, their heterogeneous methods make comparisons difficult. Moreover, the interventions are not clearly described, making replication difficult. Future studies should focus on