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Table 2 Screening and factors associated with screening for unhealthy alcohol use among adult medicine patients at an urban academic Federally Qualified Health Center (n = 24,285 visits among 9119 patients)

From: Delivery of screening and brief intervention for unhealthy alcohol use in an urban academic Federally Qualified Health Center

Characteristic

Screened, n (%)a

Adjusted odds ratio, 95% CI

p

Adjusted difference in percent screened, % (95% CI)b

All

4212 (46.2)

–

–

–

Agec

 

0.82 (0.80–0.85)

< 0.001

− 2.5 (− 2.9 to − 2.1)

 18–29 years

1022 (58.8)

   

 30–49

1493 (48.7)

   

 50–64

1079 (41.8)

   

 ≥ 65

618 (35.6)

   

Sex

 Male

1479 (49.9)

Ref.

< 0.001

Ref.

 Female

2733 (44.4)

0.83 (0.77–0.91)

 

− 2.4 (− 3.5 to − 1.3)

Race

 Black, non-Hispanic

420 (44.4)

Ref.

 

Ref.

 Hispanic, of any race

2298 (46.6)

0.95 (0.83–1.10)

0.53

− 6.0 (− 2.5 to 1.3)

 Any other or undetermined raced

1494 (46.3)

1.00 (0.87–1.15)

0.99

0.02 (− 1.8–1.8)

Language

 English

3450 (47.1)

Ref.

 

Ref.

 Spanish

1301 (43.8)

1.02 (0.92–1.14)

0.68

0.3 (− 1.1 to 1.7)

 French

156 (45.3)

0.94 (0.75–1.18)

0.61

− 0.75 (− 3.6 to 2.1)

Visit type

 New patient

–

Ref.

 

Ref.

 Established patient

–

0.22 (0.20–0.24)

< 0.001

− 28.3 (− 0.30.3 to − 26.4)

 Urgent care or walk-in

–

0.12 (0.11–0.14)

< 0.001

− 34.3 (− 36.3 to − 32.3)

 Visit month

–

1.03 (1.02–1.04)

< 0.001

0.4 (0.3–0.6)

Chronic conditions

 Hypertension

  No

3421 (51.1)

Ref.

 

Ref.

  Yes

791 (32.7)

0.62 (0.56–0.70)

< 0.001

− 5.9 (− 7.3 to − 4.6)

 Diabetes

  No

3790 (48.8)

Ref.

 

Ref.

  Yes

422 (31.4)

0.66 (0.58–0.75)

< 0.001

− 5.1 (− 6.6 to − 3.7)

 Congestive heart failure

  No

4152 (46.4)

Ref.

 

Ref.

  Yes

60 (37.0)

1.08 (0.80–1.47)

0.60

1.1 (− 3.0 to 5.1)

 Chronic kidney disease

  No

4114 (46.7)

Ref.

 

Ref.

  Yes

98 (32.1)

0.96 (0.75–1.22)

0.74

− 0.5 (− 3.6 to 2.5)

 HIV

  No

4135 (46.7)

Ref.

 

Ref.

  Yes

77 (30.2)

0.36 (0.28–0.45)

< 0.001

− 10.5 (− 12.3 to − 8.6)

 Hepatitis C virus

  No

4173 (46.3)

Ref.

 

Ref.

  Yes

39 (34.5)

0.64 (0.44–0.93)

0.02

− 5.1 (− 8.9 to − 1.3)

 Depression

  No

3729 (47.1)

Ref.

 

Ref.

  Yes

483 (40.5)

0.75 (0.66–0.84)

< 0.001

− 3.6 (− 5.0 to − 2.3)

 Opioid or cocaine use disorder

  No

3983 (46.0)

Ref.

 

Ref.

  Yes

229 (49.8)

0.76 (0.64–0.91)

0.002

− 3.3 (− 5.3 to − 1.3)

  1. aPercentages calculated at the patient level (i.e., the percent of male patients). Regression models estimated using patient-visit as the unit of analysis
  2. bRefers to the absolute difference in the probability of being screened, adjusting for all variables
  3. cAge categories used for descriptive statistics, age used as a continuous variable in regression models with a 1-unit change representing 10 years
  4. dIncludes White, Asian/Pacific Islander, Native American/Alaskan Native, or more than one race
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Addiction Science & Clinical Practice

ISSN: 1940-0640