Table 1 Baseline demographic and clinical characteristics of historical control and intervention groups
Variable | Historical control group | Intervention group | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
N | 90 | 113 | Â |
Demographics | |||
 Age (years), Median (Q1, Q3) | 41.0 (33.0, 50.0) | 38.0 (30.0, 47.0) | 0.15 |
 Gender, Male | 66 (73.3%) | 76 (67.3%) | 0.35 |
Race | Â | Â | 0.64 |
 White | 41 (45.6%) | 56 (49.6%) |  |
 Black/other | 49 (54.4%) | 57 (50.4%) |  |
 Ethnicity, Hispanic | a(1.1%–11.1%) | a(0.9%–8.8%) | 0.43 |
Insurance | Â | Â | 0.01 |
 Uninsured | 32 (35.6%) | 47 (41.6%) |  |
 Medicare/Medicaid | 28 (31.1%) | 48 (42.5%) |  |
 Private | 30 (33.3%) | 18 (15.9%) |  |
Medical history | |||
 Current smoker | 64 (75.3%) | 79 (71.2%) | 0.52 |
 Prior smoker | a(1.1%–11.1%) | a(0.9%–8.8%) | 0.90 |
Clinical characteristics | |||
 Diabetes | a(1.1%–11.1%) | 14 (12.4%) | 0.048 |
 HCV infection [Sample et al.] | 11 (12.2%) | 17 (15.0%) | 0.56 |
 HIV infection[Cochran] | 0 (0.0%) | a(0.9%–8.8%) | 0.37 |
 Staphylococcus aureus infection [MRSA or MSSA] | 0 (0.0%) | a(0.9%–8.8%) | 0.20 |
 Chronic Pain | a(1.1%–11.1%) | a(0.9%–8.8%) | 0.58 |
 Depression | 16 (17.8%) | 18 (15.9%) | 0.73 |
 Schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders | a(1.1%–11.1%) | a(0.9%–8.8%) | 0.49 |
 Bipolar disorder | a(1.1%–11.1%) | a(0.9%–8.8%) | 0.58 |
Inpatient visits and ED visits | |||
 Number of all-cause hospitalizations in prior 12 months, Mean (SD), Median (Q1, Q3) | 0.3 (0.7), 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.4 (0.8), 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) | 0.30 |
 Number of ED visits in prior 12 months, Mean (SD), Median (Q1, Q3) | 2.8 (4.2), 2.0 (0.0, 3.0) | 3.2 (6.5), 1.0 (0.0, 3.0) | 0.14 |