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Table 1 Characteristics of clinic universal screening participants screened for probable OUD and co-occurring depression and/or PTSD

From: Screening for opioid use disorder and co-occurring depression and post-traumatic stress disorder in primary care in New Mexico

Characteristic

N (%) or

Median (Q1, Q3)

Sample Size

1145

Age in years, Median (Q1, Q3)

50 (33, 62)

Gender, n (%)

 Female

747 (65.2%)

 Male

377 (32.9%)

 Transgender

10 (0.9%)

 Did not identify as Male, Female, or Transgender

3 (0.3%)

 Did not respond

8 (0.7%)

Took survey in Spanish, n (%)

122 (10.7%)

Positive for probable opioid use disorder (myTAPS), n (%)

51 (4.5%)

PHQ-8 score (n = 1108a)

 Median (Q1, Q3)

1.0 (0.0, 2.0)

 Mean (SD)

3.7 (6.2)

Positive for probable depression (PHQ-8 ≥ 10), n (%)

200 (17.5%)

PC-PTSD-5 Score (n = 465a,b)

 Median (Q1, Q3)

2.0 (1.0, 4.0)

 Mean (SD)

2.4 (1.9)

Positive for probable post-traumatic stress disorder (PC-PTSD-5 ≥ 3), n (%)

218 (19.0%)

Positive for depression & post-traumatic stress disorder, n (%)

102 (8.9%)

Positive for probable opioid use disorder + depression and/or post-traumatic stress disorder, n (%)

27 (2.4%)

Positive for probable opioid use disorder + depression + post-traumatic stress disorder, n (%)

10 (0.9%)

Often have pain, n (%)

598 (52.2%)

Pain severity, n (%)

 Mild

107 (17.9%)

 Moderate

336 (56.2%)

 Severe

151 (25.3%)

 Did not respond

4 (0.7%)

Length of time with pain, n (%)

  < 1 week

32 (5.4%)

 1 week—2 months

52 (8.7%)

 2–6 months

52 (8.7%)

  > 6 months

415 (69.4%)

 Don’t know

41 (6.9%)

 Did not respond

6 (1.0%)

  1. myTAPS self-administered Tobacco, Alcohol, Prescription medication and other Substance use screener, PHQ-8 Patient Health Questionnaire 8-item version, PC-PTSD-5 Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5
  2. Q1, Q3 1st and 3rd quartiles
  3. a37 of 1145 (3.2%) participants did not answer any PHQ-8 or PC-PTSD-5 questions
  4. b465 of 1145 (40.6%) participants responded “yes” to the question, “Sometimes things happen to people that are unusually or especially frightening, horrible, or traumatic [examples given]. Have you ever experienced this kind of event?” Only these participants were asked five additional questions to yield a PC-PTSD-5 summed score