Table 1 Sample characteristics (n = 141)

Sex

 Female

48 (34.0)

 Male

93 (66.0)

Age

42.0 (7.2)

Age of first opioid use

18.9 (3.4)

Opioid dose (methadone equivalents)

108.9 (53.5)

100.0 (15–300)

Duration of current OAT

 < 1 year

17 (12.1)

 1–4 years

36 (25.5)

 5–9 years

34 (24.1)

 > 10 years

54 (38.3)

Opioid agonists prescribed^a

 Methadone

76 (53.9)

 SROM

22 (15.6)

 DAM

79 (56.0)

 Buprenorphine

7 (5.0)

Lifetime BZD use

125 (88.7)

Prolonged BZD use^b

61 (43.6)

Current BZD use

82 (58.2)

Former BZD use

43 (30.5)

Age at first BZD use

22.1 (7.2)

BZD dose (daily diazepam dose equivalents)

24.0 (29.1)

20.0 (0–210)

Current use of other substances^c (excluding prescription opioids, BZD, and TCA)

 None

56 (39.7)

 1

63 (44.7)

 2

18 (12.8)

 3

2 (1.4)

 Missing

2 (1.4)

HIV seropositive

10 (7.1)

HCV seropositive

97 (68.8)

Non-substance related mental disorders

 None

47 (33.3)

 1

58 (41.1)

 2

34 (24.1)

 3

2 (1.4)